作业帮2017年成人学位英语考试阅读理解强化练习及答案三
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2017年成人学位英语考试阅读理解强化练习及答案三
Hillary Rodham Clinton released the first television spot of her Senate campaign this morning, a 30-second commercial that will begin airing statewide on Thursday. The spot, titled "First," uses numerous still photos to highlight landmarks in Mrs. Clinton's career, while the voiceover says she is "more than a fist lady."
There is no mention of Mrs. Clinton's rival for New York's Senate seat, New York Mayor Rudolph Giuliani.
Clinton campaign spokesman Howard Wolfson said the ad was "positive" and "biographical," instead of focusing on the first lady's opponent.
Mrs. Clinton has previously aired radio ads, but has generally stayed with a strategy of making extensive campaign appearances instead of using television spots, while Giuliani has already run statewide TV ads.
Text of Hillary Commercial:
First she became a lawyer, named one of the top hundred in America.
Her first cause was children, fighting abuse and chairing the board of the Children's Defense Fund.
Her first priority was public schools, helping to establish teacher testing.
More than a first lady. For 30 years, she's fought for children and families.
As New York's senator, she'll fight for better schools and heath care for children.
Hillary, Put her to work for all of us.
1. What does the word "air" in the first sentence mean?
A. dry
B. express
C. breathe
D. broadcast
参考答案：D
考点：该题是一个词汇题
解析：本题提问的是第一段中的"air"是什么意思。由这句话我们可以得知，希拉里今天早晨发表了她竞选纽约州议员的电视宣传;为时30分钟的电视宣传将于星期二开始进行全国播放。由该句的意思我们可以猜出“air”的意思为“播放”。所以，答案为D.而其他三个词A(晒干)，B(表达)和C(呼吸)均与原义不符，故不能入选。
2. What does "more than first lady" in the first paragraph suggest?
A. Hillary is not a first lady.
B. Hillary does much more than what a first lady is expected to do.
C. There are more women in America who does better than Hillary does.
D. Hillary is doing better than her husband.
参考答案：B
考点：这是一个理解判断题。
解析：本题提问的是第一段里"more than first lady"是什么意思。在世界各地，第一夫人作为国家元首的妻子，是一国之母，她的形象一般是一个帮助总统处理好家务，并且进行一些妇女活动和慈善事业，借此来提高元首的形象。但是，希拉里作为第一夫人，她所做的超出了第一夫人的职责。她不但在社会活动中经常露脸，而且直接参与政事，开始竞选起议员来了。所以，选项B应该是该题的答案。
3.Which of the following statement is true regarding the Senator campaign according the passage?
A. Hillary has appeared on TV shot for mumerous times.
B. Hillary rarely makes her public appearance.
C. Giuliani has made TV advertisement for himself.
D. Hillary has a bigger chance to win the campaign.
参考答案：C
考点：这是一个对原文事实的理解题。
解析：本题提问的是对此次参议院竞选，以下哪一个说法是正确的。文章的第四段告诉我们，希拉里以前曾经在广播上作过宣传，但是她一直采取的战略是频频在公众场合出现，而不是使用电视宣传;与她不同的是，Giuliani已作过全国电视宣传。由该段可知，选项C为正确答案。从文章的第一句话我们可以得知，这是希拉里第一次在电视上为自己作宣传，所以，选项A和B不符合原文;此次议员竞选，花落谁手尚未分晓，所以，选项D也不能入选。
4. Hillary's campaign focuses on all the flooowing except_____.
A. children's health care
B. school education for children
C. combating child abuse
D. family planning policy
参考答案：D
考点：这是一个对原文细节的分析判断题。
解析：本题提问的是以下哪一下不是希拉里的竞选重点。希拉里的竞选广告在文章的最后几段里;它的重点是学校教育;作者评论道，在过去的30年里，希拉里一直都在为儿童和家庭的幸福斗争。将来当了纽约的参议员，她会为孩子们的良好教育和健康保险而努力;由此我们得知，选项A(儿童健康保险)B(儿童的学校教育)和C(打击虐待儿童现象)都是她的竞选重点，只有选项D(计划生育政策)与原文不合，所以，D为本题答案。
5.Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?
A. First Lady's Senator Campaign
B. Hillary's TV Advertisement
C. A Rivalry for New York's Senate Seat
D. The Focuses of Hillary Campaign
参考答案：A
考点：该题是一个主旨题，考的是文章的题目应该是哪一个。
解析：本文从第一夫人希拉里-克林顿为其入选纽约参议员拉开序幕讲起，对目前的竞选状况作了一个大概介绍，并且对希拉里的竞选内容作了一个介绍，同时，作者表达了他自己的观点;整篇文章以介绍她的竞选情况为主，所以，选项A(第一夫人竞选参议员)用以概括全文最为全面，因此，为正确答案。
In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition(获得)of each new skill-the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feeling of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without an learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.
Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters, others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child's own happiness.
As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality(道德). Also, parents should realize that "example is better than precept". If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach(说教), their children may grow confused and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled. A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parent's principles and their moral can be a dangerous disappointment.
6. Eagerly watching the child's acquisition of new skills _____.
A. should be avoided
B. is universal among parents
C. sets up dangerous states of worry in the child
D. will make him lose interest in learning new things
[答案]A
【精析】第一段讲到了父母急切盼望孩子们掌握新技能的这种心情所带来的各种负面影响，B、C、D三项均是负面影响的内容，因此要尽量避免，所以只选一项最佳的就选A.
7. In the process of children's learning new skills parents _____.
A. should encourage them to read before know the meaning of the words they read
B. Should not expect too much of them
C. Should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own
D. Should create as many learning opportunities as possible
[答案]C
【精析】根据第一段中所提到的父母太急于盼望孩子们掌握新技能对孩子们产生的不良影响可以得出一个结论：父母应该在强迫孩子和给予他们自由之间保持平衡。故选C.
8. The second paragraph mainly tells us that _____.
A. parents should be strict with their children
B. parents controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the community
C. parental restriction vary, and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children alone
D. parents vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation
[答案]C
【精析】根据第二段第一句话"Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children."故选C.
9. The word "precept" (Line 4, Para.3) probably means _____.
A. idea
B. punishment
C. behavior
D. instruction
[答案]D
【精析】根据最后一段"If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach(说教)"，可知precept的意思与preach相近，故选D instruction(指导)。
10. In moral matters, parents should _____.
A. observe the rules themselves
B. be aware of the marked difference between adults and children
C. forbid things which have no foundation in morality
D. consistently ensure the security of their children
[答案]A
【精析】根据最后一段第一句"As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching."可知：在道德问题方面，父母的教育方式要保持一致与连贯，不能朝令夕改。故选A.
Human needs seem endless. When a hungry man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when a manager gets a new sports car, a big house and pleasure boats dance into view.
The many needs of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is money enough to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears.
The first and most basic level of needs involves food. Once this level is satisfied, the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears. By the end of World War II, these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses.
By 1957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared: the "life enriching" level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is, the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called "luxury" items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical and dental care, and recreation. Also included here are fancy goods and the latest styles in clothing.
On the fourth level, a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of needs as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level?
A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crim, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.
11. According to the passage, man will begin to think about such needs as housing and clothing only when _____.
A. he has saved up enough money
B. he has grown dissatisfied with his simple shelter
C. he has satisfied his hunger
D. he has learned to build houses
[答案]C
【精析】本题答案对应于第一、三段。文章的第一段提到一个人有了吃的就会想到再要件衣服，第三段又说最基本的需求是食物，这个层次的需求得到满足后人就会考虑服装和住的地方。综合判断，所以选C，即他不再饥饿后就会产生对住处和衣服的需求。
12. It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of World War Ⅱ, most Americans _____.
A. were very rich
B. lived in poverty
C. had the good things on the first three levels
D. did not own automobiles
[答案]D
【精析】文章第三段中说第二次世界大战结束时，对于大多数美国人来说，食品、服装以及住所的需求都满足了，然后第三个层次的需求，包括汽车和新房子便出现了。这说明第二次世界大战结束时大多数美国人还没有汽车。A“很富有”，意思不明。B“生活在贫困中”，不符合文意。C“满足了前三个层次的需求”，也不正确，因为这时第三个层次的需求才刚刚出现。
13. Which of the following is NOT related to "physical satisfaction"?
A. A successful career.
B. A comfortable home.
C. A good meal.
D. A family car.
[答案]A
【精析】本题答案对应于文章的第四段，第四段第三行说physical satisfaction包括食物、生活舒适、有安全感、有交通工具，在B、C、D中都有体现。故选A.
14. What is the main concern of man on the fourth level?
A. The more goods the better.
B. The more mental satisfaction the better.
C. The more “luxury” items the better.
D. The more earnings the better.
[答案]B
【精析】本题答案对应文章第四段，其中第四行this level，也就是第四个层次的需求强调的是精神需求，所以选B.
15. The author tends to think that the fifth level _____.
A. would be little better than the fourth level
B. may be a lot more desirable than the first four
C. can be the last and most satisfying level
D. will become attainable before the government takes actions
[答案]B
【精析】本题考查考生对作者意思的整体把握。先看A“比第四个层次要好一些”，意思含糊。C“是最终的、最令人满意的需求层次”，太绝对。D“在政府采取行动之前就能实现”，不合文意。文章说第五个层次的需求要通过集体行动实现，即人们付钱给政府，让其对抗疾病、愚昧、犯罪与不公。可见这要在政府采取行动后实现。而B的意思是“比前四个层次的需求更值得拥有”，这是正确的。
Katherine walked into a newspaper office, and demanded to see the editor. Fortunately, the editor was passing the inquiry office when she asked for him. Seeing she was a girl of school age, he thought it might offer him an amusing five minutes between interviews.
Katherine was very rude to him when he told her they didn't accept schoolgirls. She said she was surprised that the editor of a great London newspaper did not know how to behave like a gentleman. The editor sat back in his chair and laughed heartily. He had never been spoken to like that in his life. He rather liked it for its novelty. After some further conversation, in which Katherine attempted to persuade him that she could do anything he wanted, from writing a leading article to a serial story, she said: "I am not going to leave this room until you put me on the staff!"
Then the editor had to speak to her rather seriously, and told her what a great London newspaper meant to a girl and how utterly ignorant she was of everything that would make her useful as a journalist. Upon this Katherine burst into tears, and the editor, who had dismissed many men in the course of his career, walked up and down the room wondering what he could do for this extraordinary young girl whose tearful eyes were so full of disappointment.
"Look here," he said, "if you come to me in two years' time, with a knowledge of shorthand, and if you promise not to shed tears on my blotting paper, I will give you something to do."
"Really? If you don't mind, I'll have it in black and white," said the girl.
The editor was startled. He began to think that this young girl was not so young as she looked. He drafted out an agreement for her on the lines laid down with a great deal of solemnity(严肃)which he found quite amusing, for he was confident that the young girl might quite as well change her mind or would be engaged to a nice boy long before the agreement took effect.
16. The real reason why the editor decided to interview the girl was that he _____.
A. heard her asking for him
B. was not very busy
C. thought it would amuse him
D. liked to work with young girls
[答案]C
【精析】Seeing she was a girl of school age, he thought it might offer him an amusing five minutes between interviews.故选C.
17. "He rather liked it for its novelty" means he liked it because it was _____.
A. unusual
B. pleasant
C. courageous
D. friendly
[答案]A
【精析】He had never been spoken to like that in his life. He rather liked it for its novelty.根据上下文推测只有unusual正确。
18. The editor walked up and down the room, because he was _____.
A. rather angry with her
B. afraid other people would hear her crying
C. not sure whether he should dismiss her or not
D. trying to make a decision
[答案]D
【精析】walked up and down the room wondering what he could do for this extraordinary young girl whose tearful eyes were so full of disappointment.此题要读出wondering后面的意思，因此选D.
4. As their conversation continued, the editor _____.
A. changed his opinion of the girl
B. grew tired of her
C. became annoyed
D. thought she was too uneducated
[答案]A
【精析】The editor was startled. He began to think that this young girl was not so young as she looked.从编辑见到这个女孩刚开始的应付状态，到最后这个编辑对女孩的谈吐很吃惊，考虑给她一个答复，可以看出编辑逐步改变对这个女孩的认识及看法。
5. When the editor drafted out the agreement for the girl, he _____.
A. hoped that this would please the girl
B. wished that it would take effect soon
C. adopted a rather serious attitude
D. didn't mean what he wrote
[答案]D
【精析】文章最后结尾for he was confident that the young girl might quite as well change her mind or would be engaged to a nice boy long before the agreement took effect. 表明了D的意思。
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